The solar controller charger is one of the components of the off-grid (separate from the power grid) solar system, which, as the name suggests, controls the charging and discharging of the battery. This is the most basic thing you can expect from this device. Various types of protections, load control capability, USB charger, remote monitoring capability or by computer, timer, day and night detection capability, etc. are among other capabilities that can be available in a solar charge controller device.

Naturally, more functionality in solar charge regulators in Dubai UAE also means its higher price, but using the best charge controller does not mean that you need all its functions, but this need should be determined by considering the application. The purpose of this article is to review different charge controllers and introduce the capabilities of each one to guide the choice based on needs. For this purpose, the charge controllers of EP solar company, which are available in Iran, have been considered.

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PWM or MPPT

The main part of the circuit of solar charge regulators in UAE is a DC to DC regulator. Since the amount of radiation is different at different times of the day, this means that the output voltage of the panels is constantly changing. solar charge regulators in Dubai UAE, considering this difference in input voltage with different control algorithms, provides suitable output voltage and current for battery charging.

Pulse Width Modulation or PWM for short and Maximum Power Point Tracking or MPPT are two common control methods. PWM is an old technology but suitable for most applications where the Duty Cycle of the converter switches automatically based on the input. MPPT is a more complex control method that can increase the efficiency of panels by 30%. To better understand this method, it is necessary to understand the nonlinear behavior of solar panels.

Companies usually categorize their charge controllers based on the control system i.e. PWM and MPPT. The next section provides an overview of solar charge regulators products. Next, we will introduce each of the product series to explain the different capabilities of charge controllers in the form of these examples.

1. LS series (PWM)

One of the most basic charge controllers is the Land Star series, which is very suitable for small, low-cost systems. Different types of this series don't have LCD and different states including charging, discharging, off mode, errors, etc. are decoded through LEDs.

The E and EU series is the simplest type of charge controller with minimal protections for battery and load overvoltage, short circuit and battery overdischarge. The communication between the user and the device is established by the key, and to check the different states of the charge controller, the LEDs of the device must be decoded. The difference between E series and EU is in the EU series USB, which can be used to charge the phone with a voltage of 5 volts and a current of 1 amp.

B series is Land star programmable series. The aluminum heat sink makes it work well even at high temperatures. The RS 482 cable enables connection with a computer or other monitoring devices for Real Time Monitoring. Added protections including reverse polarity protection for array and battery.

The R series with the ability to detect day and night as well as the smart timer is a very suitable choice for small solar lighting systems. In terms of protection, it is similar to the B series.

2. VS series (PWM)

The most important difference between View Star and Land Star is the presence of LCD in this series, which enables more effective communication between the user and the charge controller. A and AU series are like E and EU series in LS, except that they have LCD and their protection is more complete like LS B series. Again the U in AU refers to the two USBs that have the AU series as opposed to the A series.

VS BN series is a programmable series, which RS 482 cable enables the ability to communicate with a computer or other monitoring devices for Real Time Monitoring. In addition, the four buttons added to this series have facilitated the setting and communication between the user and the device.

3. EP series (PWM)

This series includes two models EPIDB-COM and EPRC10-EC. The EPRC10-EC model is a popular model for lighting applications with medium power, the ability to detect day and night, as well as a smart timer, which is very similar to the LS R series. This model has more limited protection than R. Like LS E & EU, it has basic protections like battery over voltage and load, short circuit and battery over discharge.

The EPIDB-COM model has the ability to control two batteries without having a part for the load, which has made a unique and very practical feature possible, including in solar vehicles. Protection like the EPRC10-EC model.

4. Series A Tracer (MPPT)

It's time to review the MPPT class, which has a very high capability in energy conversion and efficiency. LCD, fully programmable, communication with computer (computer software for system control) and RS 482 cable, are only part of the capabilities of this series. A complete set of protections are used in this system, for over current relay array, short circuit and reverse polarity, for overload and short circuit, for battery charge and over discharge and reverse polarity.

5. BN Tracer (MPPT) series

This series does not have an LCD, but it has more complete telecommunication capabilities. The aluminum and layered structure has increased the temperature tolerance of the device. Day and night detection as well as smart timer are other outstanding features. Protection like A series.

6. CN series Tracer (MPPT)

This series uses a different structure called Dry Contact, while the relay is installed outside the electronic circuit, which can be used to control the inverter or other applications. Day and night detection as well as smart timer are other outstanding features. Protection like A series.

7. E Series Tracer AD (MPPT)

If you have enough money and have the technical ability to use the capabilities of a full charge controller, you can reach the ETracer series and the AD and BND models. We start by reviewing the E Series Tracer AD. This charge controller can be used for the off-grid consumption of a residential house with a capacity of up to 3 kW, that is why the use of an inverter is inevitable in such a case, which has eliminated the need to have a Load port. The aluminum layered structure has increased the temperature tolerance. The dual-core processor system has greatly increased the processing power and speed. It is possible to connect with a computer with special software and other monitoring devices. The new technology of Multiphased Synchromous Rectification (MSR) has provided the possibility of maximum energy conversion. The protections are as complete as the Tracer A, except that there is no cargo port that requires them.

8. Series E Tracer BND(MPPT)

The main difference between this series and E Tracer AD is in its more detailed protection system. Protection for battery over voltage, over discharge, over temperature and reverse polarity, for over current relay array, short circuit and reverse polarity, and finally over voltage in Transient mode. (The appearance is not much different from E Tracer AD).